{"id":7005,"date":"2021-12-06T16:07:50","date_gmt":"2021-12-06T14:07:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/facias.ro\/?p=7005"},"modified":"2022-08-04T10:53:05","modified_gmt":"2022-08-04T07:53:05","slug":"fii-informat-nu-abuzat-eseu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/facias.ro\/eng\/fii-informat-nu-abuzat-eseu\/","title":{"rendered":"\u201dFii informat, nu abuzat!\u201d eseu"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u0103 \u0219i cet\u0103\u021beni ai unui stat democratic, ce are drept fundament Constitu\u021bia, avem at\u00e2t \u00eendatoriri c\u00e2t \u0219i drepturi. Acestea sunt stipulate at\u00e2t \u00een Legea Fundamental\u0103 \u00een Titlul al doilea denumit ,,Drepturile, libert\u0103\u021bile \u0219i \u00eendatoririle fundamentale” c\u00e2t \u0219i \u00een ,,Carta Drepturilor Fundamentale a Uniunii Europene”. De\u0219i este prev\u0103zut clar faptul c\u0103 ,,Cet\u0103\u021benii sunt egali \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 legii \u0219i a autorit\u0103\u021bilor publice, f\u0103r\u0103 privilegii \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 discrimin\u0103ri.”[1]<\/a>, acest lucru nu \u00eempiedic\u0103 abuzurile efectuate \u00een mod constant de c\u0103tre institu\u021biile publice care uit\u0103 c\u0103 principalul lor obiectiv este de a asigura ocrotirea cet\u0103\u021benilor \u0219i bun\u0103 dezvoltare a societ\u0103\u021bii c\u0103 \u0219i un \u00eentreg.<\/p>\n

Un fenoment ce are ni\u0219te propor\u021bii alarmante \u00een special \u00een \u021bar\u0103 noastr\u0103 este reprezentat de violen\u021b\u0103 domestic\u0103. Doar \u00een primele 7 luni ale anului 2020 au fost \u00eenregistrate aproximativ 4.856 de ordine de protec\u0163ie provizorii \u00eempotriva violen\u021bei domestice. Peste 96% dintre autori sunt b\u0103rba\u021bi. 29.728 de apeluri telefonice care reclamau violen\u0163\u0103 domestic\u0103 au fost \u00eenregistrate \u00een 2020 la 112. Num\u0103rul victimelor\u00a0 este \u00een jur de 5.431, din care 450 sunt b\u0103rba\u0163i, iar 4.606 sunt femei. Victime minore sunt 170 de b\u0103ie\u0163i \u015fi 105 fete, iar 212 persoane \u0219i-au pierdut via\u021b\u0103[2]<\/a>. Aceste cifre provenite din rapoarte oficiale\u00a0 nu reflect\u0103 dec\u00e2t o treime din realitatea crunt\u0103 care ne \u00eenconjoar\u0103. O \u00eentrebare pe care fiecare dintre noi ar trebui s\u0103 \u0219i-o pun\u0103 este: ,,De ce aleg victimele unor astfel de violen\u021be s\u0103 se complac\u0103 \u00een situa\u021bia lor, \u00een loc s\u0103 o fac\u0103 public\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 cear\u0103 ajutorul organelor competente?”. Ei bine, unul dintre motive \u0219i cel mai uzual este faptul c\u0103 \u00een ciuda disper\u0103rii victimelor, institu\u021biile publice de cele mai multe ori r\u0103spund unor astfel de cazuri cu indiferen\u021b\u0103, repulsie,ba chiar sunt amuza\u021bi sau adopta o atitudine de impasibilitate \u0219i lipsa de empatie. Cumularea acestora duce la grave abuzuri ale statului \u0219i ale institu\u021biilor sale.<\/p>\n

Suntem \u00een fiecare moment al zilei, f\u0103r\u0103 a reu\u0219i s\u0103 ne d\u0103m seama, \u00eenconjura\u021bi de victime at\u00e2t ale violen\u021bei domestice, c\u00e2t \u0219i ale abuzurilor statului. Auzim aproape zilnic prin intermediul mass-media de tot felul de cazuri, \u00eens\u0103 am r\u0103mas profund marcat\u0103 \u0219i indignat\u0103 de unul despre care am auzit fugitiv \u00een comunitatea mea care o \u0219i avea drept protagonist\u0103 pe o t\u00e2n\u0103ra m\u0103mic\u0103 care se afl\u0103 \u00een impasibilitatea de a se elibera de partenerul \u0219i tat\u0103l copilului ei abuziv. Aceast\u0103 a sunat de mai multe ori la poli\u021bie, \u00eens\u0103 apelul care avea menirea de a o salva, mai mult a amplificat stresul \u0219i teroarea la care deja at\u00e2t ea, c\u00e2t \u0219i feti\u021b\u0103, \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de doar trei ani\u0219ori erau expuse. \u00cen loc s\u0103 fie escortat\u0103 \u00eentr-un loc sigur, aceast\u0103 a fost l\u0103sat\u0103 \u00een apartamentul celor doi de unde urm\u0103 s\u0103 fie preluat\u0103 de rude, \u00eens\u0103 acest lucru nu s-a petrecut deoarece partenerul a reclamat-o c\u0103 fiind autoarea furtului unei bijuterii valoroase de a sa. Femeia a fost perchezi\u021bionat\u0103 \u0219i dus\u0103 la sec\u021bie de poli\u021bie, func\u021bionarii prioritizand reclama\u021bia furtului \u0219i nu pe cea a violen\u021bei domestice, omi\u021b\u00e2nd faptul c\u0103 femeia putea beneficia de un ordin provizoriu de protec\u021bie. (un ordin de protec\u0163ie provizoriu e valabil 5 zile, iar victima trebuie s\u0103-l prelungeasc\u0103 la instan\u0163\u0103). Un caz asem\u0103n\u0103tor a fost prezentat \u0219i de al campania ,,Pumnul love\u015fte, indiferen\u0163a ucide”, semnat\u0103 de Carmina Pricopie \u015fi Maria Coman, \u00een exclusivitate, la ,,News Hour with CNN\u201d, unde \u00een mod asem\u0103n\u0103tor o m\u0103mic\u0103 nu a fost \u00een\u0219tiin\u021bat\u0103 de posibilitatea solicit\u0103rii unui ordin de restric\u021bie de c\u0103tre organele poli\u021biei.<\/p>\n

Primul drept \u00eenc\u0103lcat \u00een aceast\u0103 spe\u021b\u0103 este ,,Dreptul la via\u021b\u0103 \u0219i la integritate fizic\u0103 \u0219i psihic\u0103” stipulat chiar \u00een cadrul Constitu\u021biei, capitolul II, art. 22., alineantul (1) \u0219i (2), dar \u0219i cele prev\u0103zute de Codul de procedur\u0103 penal\u0103 \u2013 drepturile persoanei v\u0103t\u0103mate, ale p\u0103r\u0163ii civile \u015fi m\u0103surile de protec\u0163ie, legea nr. 678 din 21 noiembrie 2001, legea nr. 217 din 22 mai 2003, legea nr. 211 din 27 mai 2004. \u00cen Legea nr. 135\/2010 din 1 iulie 2010 privind Codul de procedur\u0103 penal\u0103, art. 113. ne este prezentat un drept extrem de important al p\u0103r\u021bii v\u0103t\u0103mate, care \u00een cazul de mai sus nu a fost respectat:,,(2) Sunt prezumate vulnerabile victimele copii, victimele care sunt \u00een rela\u0163ie de dependen\u0163\u0103 fa\u0163\u0103 de autorul infrac\u0163iunii, victimele terorismului, ale criminalit\u0103\u0163ii organizate, ale traficului de persoane, ale violen\u0163ei \u00een cadrul rela\u0163iilor apropiate, ale violen\u0163ei sexuale sau ale exploat\u0103rii, victimele infrac\u0163iunilor s\u0103v\u00e2r\u015fite din ur\u0103 \u015fi victimele afectate de o infrac\u0163iune din cauza prejudec\u0103\u0163ilor sau din motive de discriminare care ar putea avea leg\u0103tur\u0103 \u00een special cu caracteristicile lor personale, victimele cu dizabilit\u0103\u0163i, precum \u015fi victimele care au suferit un prejudiciu considerabil c\u0103 urmare a gravit\u0103\u0163ii infrac\u0163iunii. (3) Dac\u0103 persoana v\u0103t\u0103mat\u0103 sau partea civil\u0103 se afl\u0103 \u00een vreuna dintre situa\u0163iile prev\u0103zute la alin. (2), organul de urm\u0103rire penal\u0103 \u00eei aduce la cuno\u015ftin\u0163\u0103 m\u0103surile de protec\u0163ie care pot fi luate, con\u0163inutul lor \u015fi posibilitatea de a renun\u0163a la acestea. Renun\u0163area persoanei v\u0103t\u0103mate sau a p\u0103r\u0163ii civile la luarea m\u0103surilor de protec\u0163ie se consemneaz\u0103 \u00een scris \u015fi se semneaz\u0103 de c\u0103tre aceast\u0103, \u00een prezen\u0163a reprezentantului legal, dac\u0103 este cazul.”.<\/p>\n

Din punctul meu de vedere, pentru a solu\u021biona \u0219i combate astfel de probleme trebuie pus bine la punct un plan care vizeaz\u0103 dou\u0103 tabere: cet\u0103\u021benii afecta\u021bi \u0219i cei care \u00eei reprezint\u0103 \u00een instan\u021ba, mai exact avoca\u021bii acestora. C\u0103 \u0219i persoane afectate primul pas este depunerea unei pl\u00e2ngeri la sec\u021bia de poli\u021bie de care apar\u021bine individul, ulterior solicitarea unui ordin provizoriu de protec\u021bie care este valabil timp de cinci zile, dar care ofer\u0103 posibilitatea de a fi prelungit \u00een instan\u021ba. Prin ordinul de protec\u021bie, instan\u021ba poate dispune \u00een scopul \u00eenl\u0103tur\u0103rii st\u0103rii de pericol mai multe m\u0103suri: evacuarea temporar\u0103 a agresorului din locuin\u021b\u0103, obligarea agresorului la p\u0103strarea unei distan\u021be minime fa\u021b\u0103 de victim, interzicerea agresorului de a mai avea contact, chiar \u0219i prin telefon, cu victim, \u00eencredin\u021barea copiilor minori, obligarea agresorului s\u0103 predea armele de\u021binute poli\u021biei, interdic\u021bia pentru agresor de a se deplasa \u00een anumitel localit\u0103\u021bi.[3]<\/a>De asemenea, aceste persoane pot \u0219i sunt sf\u0103tuite s\u0103 apeleze la centre de zi unde pot fi asistate 24\/24 de personal calificat \u0219i\u00a0 unde pot st\u0103 pe o perioada limitat\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 loca\u021bia fiind secret\u0103, astfel fiind feri\u021bi de pericole \u00een timpul \u0219ederii. C\u0103 \u0219i cet\u0103\u021bean a c\u0103rui drept a fost \u00eenc\u0103lcat, acesta trebuie s\u0103 se sesizeze unor funda\u021bii ce au c\u0103 \u0219i scop ap\u0103rarea lor \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea rela\u021biilor dintre na\u021biune \u0219i institu\u021biile publice.Refuzul nemotivat al angajatului statului de a \u00eendeplini atribu\u021biile de serviciu se poate pedepsi, de exemplu, cu mic\u0219orarea salariului sau destituirea din func\u021bie, potrivit Codului Administrativ \u00een plus, Legea contenciosului Administrativ avem prezen\u021ba legea nr. 554\/2004 care prevede pentru ce situa\u021bii mergem \u00een instan\u021b\u0103 \u0219i cum vor fi ele solu\u021bionate. Tot potrivit acestei \u201eorice persoan\u0103 care se consider\u0103 v\u0103t\u0103mat\u0103 \u00eentr-un drept al s\u0103u ori \u00eentr-un interes legitim, de c\u0103tre o autoritate public\u0103, printr-un act administrativ sau prin nesolu\u021bionarea \u00een termenul legal a unei cereri, se poate adresa instan\u021bei de contencios administrativ competen\u021be, pentru anularea actului, recunoa\u0219terea dreptului pretins sau a interesului legitim \u0219i repararea pagubei ce i-a fost cauzat\u0103”[4]<\/a>. \u00a0Ulterior victima are dreptul dea merge \u00een instan\u021ba cu acuza\u021biile sau de a se alia cu alte persoane aflate exact \u00een aceea\u0219i siuatie \u0219i de a \u00ee\u0219i alege un reprezentat al cauzei lor care s\u0103 mearg\u0103 \u00een instan\u021ba \u0219i s\u0103 le apere drepturile, conform Legeii nr. 135\/2010 art.80 alineatul 1 \u0219i 2, mai exact un avocat din oficiu. Potrivit art.95 alineatul 2 ,, procurorul ierarhic superior este obligat s\u0103 rezolve pl\u00e2ngerea \u015fi s\u0103 comunice solu\u0163ia, precum \u015fi motivarea acesteia , \u00een cel mult 48 de ore.”, \u00eens\u0103 exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva cazuri unde procesul poate fi \u00eencheiat abia dup\u0103 trei luni. \u00cen pozi\u021bia de avocat din oficiu acesta trebuie s\u0103 apere drepturile persoanei pe care o reprezint\u0103, s\u0103 solicite consultarea dosarului pe tot parcursul procesului, ,, (3) Avocatul ales sau desemnat din oficiu este obligat s\u0103 asigure asisten\u0163a juridic\u0103 a p\u0103r\u0163ilor ori a subiec\u0163ilor procesuali principali.” (art. 88). Acesta, totodat\u0103, ofer\u0103 \u0219i consiliere persoanelor pe care le reprezint\u0103. Pentru redactarea cererii pentru a ob\u021bine ordinul de protec\u021bie este necesar sprijinul unui avocat specializat \u00een dreptul familiei, Iar pentru un proces \u00eempotriva abuzului statului este necesar un avocat \u00een drept penal, a c\u0103rui consultan\u021b\u0103 poate ajunge \u0219i la 310 lei pentru 30 de minute. Costul unui avocat cu specializarea dreptului familiei este \u00een jur de 150 de lei pentru o \u0219edin\u021b\u0103 de 30 de minute.[5]<\/a> Un alt mod ce duce la solu\u021bionarea situa\u021biei este de a prezen\u021ba incadrul public a cazului prin binele cunoscute instrumente mass-media. Cu c\u00e2t publicul larg este constiient de abuzurile care se pot face cu at\u00e2t aten\u021bia \u00een aceast\u0103 direc\u021bie este sporit\u0103, astfel de episoade reduc\u00e2ndu-\u0219i num\u0103rul \u0219i intensitatea. Pornirea campaniilor \u0219i chiar introducerea \u00een \u0219colile generale, dar \u0219i licee a activit\u0103\u021bilor ce vizeaz\u0103 lupta anticorup\u021bie, anti-abuz \u0219i cunoa\u0219terea drepturilor de care dispunem.<\/p>\n

C\u0103 \u0219i puncte slabe ale unui astfel de plan le-am descoperit pe urm\u0103toarele: durata, \u00een astfel de cazuri \u0219i un minut poate face diferen\u021ba, astfel fiind pu\u021b\u00een mai ineficiente procesele ce dureaz\u0103 mai mult de 48 de ore, de asemenea nu orice victima \u00ee\u0219i poate permite suportarea costurilor unui avocat \u00een dreptul familiei sau drept penal. De asemenea f\u0103r\u0103 ajutorul unui avocat \u00eentr-adev\u0103r bine preg\u0103tit c\u00e2\u0219tigarea unui proces \u00eempotriva unei institu\u021bii publice are \u0219anse mici de reu\u0219it\u0103.<\/p>\n

Webgrafie:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.avocatura.com\/av.24833-angela-damian.html<\/a>; www.mpublic.ro<\/a>;<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.zandomeni.ro\/cum-obtinem-ordinul-de-protectie<\/a>; https:\/\/www.facias.ro\/fii-informat-nu-abuzat<\/a>;<\/p>\n

Bibliografia: Constitu\u021bia Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i legisla\u021bia conex\u0103<\/em> – Ed. a 6-a, rev., editura ,,Universul Juridic”, Bucure\u0219ti , 2021; Legea nr. 135\/2010<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Constitu\u021bia Rom\u00e2niei \u0219i legisla\u021bia conex\u0103 – Ed. a 6-a, rev., editura ,,Universul Juridic”, Bucure\u0219ti , 2021<\/span><\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> www.mpublic.ro<\/span><\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> https:\/\/www.zandomeni.ro\/cum-obtinem-ordinul-de-protectie\/<\/span><\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> FACIAS, Ghid practic: Rezumare: Ce facem \u00een fa\u021ba unui abuz al autorit\u0103\u021bilor?<\/span><\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> https:\/\/www.avocatura.com\/av.24833-angela-damian.html<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

AUTOR: C. C.-N.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Facultatea de Administra\u021bie Public\u0103 \u0219i Management<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u0103 \u0219i cet\u0103\u021beni ai unui stat democratic, ce are drept fundament Constitu\u021bia, avem at\u00e2t \u00eendatoriri c\u00e2t \u0219i drepturi. Acestea sunt stipulate at\u00e2t \u00een Legea Fundamental\u0103 \u00een Titlul al doilea denumit…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12260,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[421],"tags":[83,519,418,741,536,159,462,500,541],"class_list":["post-7005","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-abuzuri-2","tag-concurs","tag-drepturi","tag-drepturile-cetanilor","tag-eseu","tag-facias","tag-justitie","tag-studenti","tag-universitate"],"yoast_head":"\n\u201dFii informat, nu abuzat!\u201d eseu | FACIAS<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/facias.ro\/eng\/fii-informat-nu-abuzat-eseu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201dFii informat, nu abuzat!\u201d eseu | FACIAS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"C\u0103 \u0219i cet\u0103\u021beni ai unui stat democratic, ce are drept fundament Constitu\u021bia, avem at\u00e2t \u00eendatoriri c\u00e2t \u0219i drepturi. 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